Prevalence of port site Infection in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy : A Prospective Descriptive Study

• Brijesh Kumar Shukla,*  
• Amit Kumar,  
• M C Pandey

Abstract

Port site infection (PSI) is an infrequent surgical site infection that complicates laparoscopic surgery but has a considerable influence in the overall outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors that influence PSI after laparoscopic cholecystectomies and to analyze which of these factors can be modified to avoid PSI in a trail to achieve maximum laparoscopic advantages. OBJECTIVE - The main objective of this was to study the frequency and causes of port site infection in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and measures to prevent them . MATERIAL AND METHODS – Prospective descriptive qualitative research, non-randomized, institution-based, performed on patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomies. For culture and sensitivity, swabs were obtained from each patient who experienced PSI. Under general anesthesia, biopsy samples were obtained for mycobacterium tuberculosis identification using polymerase chain reaction, excisional biopsies were taken for histological investigations, and patients with deep surgical site infections and wound debridement were examined. Following surgery, all patients were monitored for six months. We examined variables such as gender, the location of the infected port, the kind of microorganism, acute vs chronic cholecystitis, the kind of infection (deep or superficial), and intraoperative stone, bile, or pus spillage in our sample. Total 180 patients of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gall stone disease were studies. RESULT: Ninety-eight operations (4.5%) had a port site infection rate; male patients (4/49, 8%), acute cholecystitis (3/25, 12%), bile, stone, or pus spills (8/24, 30%), and epigastric ports (7/9, 77%), all had higher rates. Surface infections accounted for 77.5% of all PSI, with non-specific microorganisms accounting for 4/9 (44%). CONCLUSION – Both the surgeon and the patient find port site infection to be an unpleasant experience following elective laparoscopic surgery. Even though it happens seldom, not being aware of this consequence causes the illness to worsen over time. stringent guidelines for PSI sterilization.

Keywords

Port site infection (PSI) Laparoscopic cholecystectomy Incidence rate Risk factors Postoperative complications Surgical site infection (SSI) Minimally invasive surgery Wound infection Gallbladder removal Antibiotic prophylaxis Infection control Patient outcomes Surgical technique